A frozen Inheritance Tax threshold, quietly eroded by inflation

The nil-rate band has been held at £325,000 since 2009 and is set to stay there until April 2031. Had it risen with inflation, it would be worth far more today.

22-year
Freeze on the nil-rate band
2009 to 2031
£525,000
Value today if indexed to inflation
vs £325,000 as frozen
~3.0%
Average annual CPI inflation
2009 to 2025
Frozen nil-rate band (£325,000)
If indexed to CPI inflation
Projected to 2031

By 2025 the gap between the frozen band and an inflation-indexed one had reached about £200,000. Because the threshold has not moved while asset and care costs have, more ordinary estates are pulled above it each year, before any of the estate passes on.

Frozen nil-rate band: held at £325,000 since 2009; freeze extended to 2031 at the Autumn Budget 2025 (Autumn Budget 2025, Inheritance Tax measures).

Inflation-indexed line: £325,000 indexed by the ONS Consumer Prices Index (2015=100) for each year (ONS CPI series). Points to 2025 are sourced; 2026 to 2031 is projected at the Bank of England's 2% CPI target (dashed).

This chart is for illustrative purposes only.